Biography pages:
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The state of T.E. Lawrence scholarship
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Page updated May 2012
Abbreviated References used on T.E. Lawrence Studies
| BL | The British Library, London, holds two copies of the Oxford Seven Pillars, a drafts of The Mint, the final typesetting manuscript of Lawrence's Odyssey translation, minor manuscripts, and correspondence including over 300 letters to Bernard and Charlotte Shaw. |
| B:LH | T. E. Lawrence to his Biographer Liddell Hart (London, Faber & Faber, 1938; Garden City, NY, Doubleday, Doran, 1939) |
| Boats | T.E. Lawrence, Boats for the R.A.F. 1929-1931 (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill press, 2012) |
| Bodleian | The Bodleian Library, Oxford, holds the only surviving manuscript of Seven Pillars of Wisdom, a draft of The Mint, correspondence, the T.E. Lawrence papers, a copy of the 'Oxford' Seven Pillars, and a large collection of printed books. |
| B:RG | T. E. Lawrence to his biographer Robert Graves (London, Faber & Faber, 1938; Garden City, NY, Doubleday, Doran, 1939) |
| DG | D. Garnett (ed.), Letters of T. E. Lawrence (London, Jonathan Cape, 1938; Garden City, NY, Doubleday, Doran, 1939). The English and American editions have the same page numbers, |
| DNB | Dictionary of National Biography (20th century volumes published serially by the Oxford University Press) |
| EOR | S. and R. Weintraub (eds) Evolution of a Revolt (University Park and London, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1967) |
| ETEL | David Garnett (ed.), The essential T. E. Lawrence (London, Jonathan Cape; New York, Dutton, 1952) |
| Friends | A. W. Lawrence (ed.) T. E. Lawrence by his friends (London, Jonathan Cape; Garden City, NY, Doubleday Doran, 1937. The English and American editions have different page numbers. Abridged edition London, Jonathan Cape, 1954). |
| GR | Clare Sydney Smith, The Golden Reign (London, Cassell, 1940) |
| HL | The Home Letters of T. E. Lawrence and his brothers [ed. M. R. Lawrence] (Oxford, Blackwell; New York, Macmillan, 1954) |
| Houghton | The Houghton Library, Harvard, holds an annotated typescript of Lawrence's Oxford thesis on Crusader castles, Edward Garnett's draft abridgement of Seven Pillars (made on sheets of the Oxford Seven Pillars), drafts of The Mint, some minor manuscripts, a large number of letters, and a collection of printed books. |
| HRC | The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, holds minor manuscripts and one of the largest collections of T.E. Lawrence letters and printed books. |
| Huntington | The Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery holds minor manuscripts including the Diary 1911, correspondence, a copy of the Oxford Seven Pillars, and a large collection of printed books. |
| JTELS | Journal of the T.E. Lawrence Society |
| Letters I | J. and N. Wilson, eds, T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Bernard and Charlotte Shaw 1922-1926 (T.E. Lawrence Letters I) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2000) |
| Letters II | J. and N. Wilson, eds, T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Bernard and Charlotte Shaw 1927 (T.E. Lawrence Letters II) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2003) |
| Letters III | J. and N. Wilson, eds, T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Bernard and Charlotte Shaw 1928 (T.E. Lawrence Letters III) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2003) |
| Letters IV | J. and N. Wilson, eds, T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Bernard and Charlotte Shaw 1929-1935 (T.E. Lawrence Letters IV) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2003) |
| Letters V | J. and N. Wilson, eds, T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with E.M. Forster and F.L. Lucas (T.E. Lawrence Letters V) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2010) |
| Letters IX | Peter Wilson, ed., T.E. Lawrence, Correspondence with Henry Williamson (T.E. Lawrence Letters IX) (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press 2000) |
| LTEL | A. W. Lawrence (ed.), Letters to T. E. Lawrence (London, Jonathan Cape, 1962) |
| MB | M. Brown (ed.) Letters of T. E. Lawrence (London, J. M. Dent, 1988; New York, W. W. Norton, 1989 [titled T. E. Lawrence: the selected letters]) |
| Mint 1928 | T. E. Lawrence, The Mint [1928 text] and Later Writings About Service Life, ed. J. and N. Wilson (Library Edition, Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press, 2010) |
| Mint 1955 | T. E. Lawrence, The Mint [1935 text, ed. A. W. Lawrence] (London, Jonathan Cape, 1955) |
| O'Brien | P. M. O'Brien, T. E. Lawrence, a bibliography (Winchester, St. Paul's Bibliographies, 1988) |
| OA | A. W. Lawrence (ed.), Oriental Assembly [collected minor writings of T. E. Lawrence] (London, Williams & Norgate, 1939. New York, E. P. Dutton, 1940) |
| TES-BR 1 | Letters from T.E. Shaw to Bruce Rogers, privately printed, 1933 |
| TES-BR 2 | More Letters from T.E. Shaw to Bruce Rogers, privately printed, 1936 |
| SCC | Viola Meynell, ed., Friends of a Lifetime, Letters to Sydney Carlyle Cockerell (London, Jonathan Cape, 1940) |
| SP35 | T. E. Lawrence, Seven pillars of wisdom, a triumph [1926 subscribers' abridgement] (London, Jonathan Cape; Garden City, NY, Doubleday, Doran, 1935) |
| SP22 | T. E. Lawrence, Seven pillars of wisdom, the complete 1922 text (One-volume Library Edition, Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press, 2003). The subsequent trade edition (Fordingbridge, J & N Wilson 2004) is from the same typesetting. |
| TEF | Jeremy and Nicole Wilson, eds, Towards 'An English Fourth' [writings by T. E. Lawrence about the Middle East, 1918-22] (Fordingbridge, Castle Hill Press, 2009) |
| TEL papers | The T. E. Lawrence papers (formerly embargoed until 2000) in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. |
| Wilson | Jeremy Wilson, Lawrence of Arabia, the authorised biography (London, Heinemann, 1989; New York, Atheneum, 1990) |
| TEN | TE Notes |
| WW | Who Was Who (published serially by A & C Black, London) |
T. E. Lawrence chronology
1888 16 August: born at Tremadoc, Wales
1896-1907: City of Oxford High School for Boys
1907-9: Jesus College, Oxford, B.A., 1st Class Hons, 1909
1910-14: Magdalen College, Oxford (Senior Demy), while working at the British Museum's excavations at Carchemish
1915-16: Military Intelligence Dept, Cairo
1916-18: Liaison Officer with the Arab Revolt
1919: Attended the Paris Peace Conference
1919-22: wrote Seven Pillars of Wisdom
1921-2: Adviser on Arab Affairs to Winston Churchill at the Colonial Office
1922 August: Enlisted in the Ranks of the RAF
1923 January: discharged from the RAF
1923 March: enlisted in the Tank Corps
1923: translated a French novel, The Forest Giant
1924-6: prepared the subscribers' abridgement of Seven Pillars of Wisdom
1927-8: stationed at Karachi, then Miranshah
1927 March: Revolt in the Desert, an abridgement of Seven Pillars, published
1928: completed The Mint, began translating Homer's Odyssey
1929-33: stationed at Plymouth
1931: started working on RAF boats
1932: his translation of the Odyssey published
1933-5: attached to MAEE, Felixstowe
1935 February: retired from the RAF
1935 19 May: died from injuries received in a motor-cycle crash on 13 May
1935 21 May: buried at Moreton, Dorset